List of Atlantic hurricanes in the 18th century

The List of Atlantic hurricanes in the 18th century encompasses all known Atlantic tropical cyclones from 1700 to 1799. While data for every storm that occurred is unavailable, some parts of the coastline were populated enough to give data of hurricane occurrences.

Contents 1 1700-1724 2 1725-1749 3 1750-1770 4 1770s 5 1780s 6 1790s 7 See also 8 References 9 External links

1700-1724

Year	Location	Date	Deaths	Damage/Notes
1700	Barbados[1]
1700	Charleston, South Carolina	September 14	98	N/A
1702	Barbados[1]
1703	Virginia, Maryland, New England	October 18	N/A	Great wind and flood damage; many ships were lost
1705	Havana, Cuba	N/A	Many were lost	4 ships lost
1706	Virginia	November 6	N/A	14 ships lost
1707	St. Kitts and Nevis, Antigua[1]	September 2	N/A	Nevis was "nearly ruined", and several ships were wrecked off the coast of St. Kitts
1707	St. Augustine, Florida	September 30	N/A	Heavy flooding and damage
1708	Veracruz	N/A	578	N/A
1712	Jamaica	September 8	400	Many houses destroyed
1713	Martinique, Guadeloupe, St. Thomas, Puerto Rico[1]	September 4—5, 6	100 in Martinique	San Zacarias Hurricane, caused a storm surge in southern Puerto Rico.[2]
1713	South Carolina	September 16	70	Heavy flooding, created new inlets
1714	Florida Keys	Late June	Many drowned	Many ships sank
1714	Guadeloupe	August 13-14[1]
1714	Jamaica	August 29[1]
1714	Cuba[1]
1715	Bahamas, Florida Keys	July 31	1000-2500	4 ships of Spain treasure fleet lost
1718	Nevis	September[1]
1720	Puerto Rico	N/A	500	N/A
1722	Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Carolinas	August 28–3 September	280	N/A[1]
1722	Jamaica, Louisiana, South Carolina	10 September–28 September	400	* Moved through Lesser Antilles 11 September. * Landfall in Louisiana on 23 September with 15 hours of hurricane winds and an 8-foot storm surge * Many ships lost in Louisiana * Eight-foot storm surge caused flooding in New Orleans, leading to removal of territorial capital to Baton Rouge * Three days of flooding rains in South Carolina around 27 September.
1723	Massachusetts	February 23-February 24	0
1724	Chesapeake Bay	August 23	N/A	Severe crop damage, one ship lost
1724	Hispaniola	September 12	121	N/A

1725-1749

Year	Location	Date	Deaths	Damage/Notes
1725	Martinique[1]
1726	Jamaica	November 2	18+	N/A
1728	Antigua	August 19[1]
1728	Carolinas	August	N/A	N/A
1730	Jamaica	September 1	N/A	One ship, including the ex-president of Panama, lost.
1731	Windward Passage	June 24	1+	two ships destroyed
1731	Barbados[1]
1733	St. Kitts	June 30[1]	Several	At least one ship wrecked
1733	Cuba, Bahamas, Florida Keys[1]	July 15-16	56	N/A
1734	Jamaica	September 1[1]
1737	St. Kitts, Montserrat, Dominican Republic	September 9[1]	Several people drowned	Many ships destroyed
1738	Guadeloupe, St. Thomas, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic[1]	August 30	N/A	Santa Rosa Hurricane, caused damage to agricuture and to many homes in Puerto Rico. It is estimated that it entered Puerto Rico in the east and crosed the entire island, then passing on to the Dominican Republic.[2]
1740	Puerto Rico[1]	September 11–12	N/A	'Huricane San Judas Tadeo[3], Two ships destroyed
1740	Louisiana	September 23	N/A	Destroyed town of La Balize
1742	Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico	October 27–28	N/A	Two ships lost
1743	Jamaica	October 20	"Great number"	N/A
1744	Jamaica	October 31–November 1[1]	182	N/A
1745	Caribbean Islands[1]
1746	Caribbean Sea	N/A	N/A	Thirteen ships destroyed
1747	Virginia	September 15	50+	Indentured servant ship destroyed
1747	St. Christopher, Leeward Islands	October 2[1]
1747	North Carolina, Massachusetts	October 8	"Many"	Seven ships destroyed
1747	Bermuda	October 10		"Violent gale of wind"
1747	St. Kitts	November 4[1]		"Upwards of 20 sail of vessels lost"
1748	Off Virginia Capes	September 11		"Dispersed fleet"
1748	Bermuda	October 13		Up to £20,000 damage
1749	North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland	October 12	One family	£30,000, flood and tree damage

1750-1770

Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Damage/Notes
1750	August 17	Offshore North Carolina	N/A	Four ships lost
1751	July 24	St. Kitts	Entire crew	one ship lost
1751	October	Jamaica,Havana, Cuba[4]
1752	September 15	South Carolina	103	N/A
1752	September 26	Cuba	N/A	Sixteen ships lost
1752	October 22	Offshore Florida	7+	twelve ships lost
1754	September	Santo Domingo[1]	N/A	twelve ships lost
1756	September 12	Martinique[1]
1757	August 11	Florida to Boston		Rain for 3 days; great SW-NW-N gusts
1758	August 23	Barbados, South Carolina, United States[1]
1758	November 10	St. Kitts	200	N/A
1758	N/A	St. Marks, Florida	40	N/A
1759	September	Gulf of Mexico[1]
1760	October 25	Barbuda	50	N/A
1761	September 20  – September 23	Outer Banks of North Carolina	N/A	A "severe equinoctial storm" made a breach through the Outer Banks of North Carolina eight miles above its present entrance near haul-over, and it was named New Inlet. This inlet was subsequently closed in 1881, costing $600,000 in that year's dollars. [5][6]
1765	July 31	Martinique, St. Eustatius, Guadeloupe[1]
1765	November 13-14	St. Domingo[1]
1766	August 13-14	Martinique[1]	440	N/A
1766	August 16	West of Jamaica[1]
1766	September 4	Galveston, Texas	N/A	Five ships were destroyed, but the crew and items were saved. A Spanish mission named Nuestra Senora De la Luz and the presidio San Augustine de Ahumado on the lower Trinity River was destroyed. Constance Bayou in Louisiana was named after one of the wrecked ships from this storm.[7]
1766	September 11	Virginia[1]
1766	September 13	St. Christopher, Montserrat	N/A	Destroyed half the town and many ships.
1766	September 21	St. Eustatius, Tortuga[1]
1766	October 6-8	Guadeloupe, Puerto Rico[1]	N/A	San Marcos Hurricane, passed first across Guadalupe, there it Sunk twelve slave ships, killing all aboard. Later it crossed Puerto Rico from south east to north west, it affected the entire island.[3]
1766	October 22-23	Northwest Florida[1]	N/A	Sunk one ship, killing the entire crew except for three.
1767	August	Martinique	1600	"A powerful hurricane"
1767	September 21	Coastal North Carolina	N/A	Caused a number of vessels to be lost. Floods struck Virginia, with a mill entirely destroyed in Warwick county.[8]
1768	August 10	Grenada[1]
1768	October 15	Havana, Cuba[1]	1000	N/A
1769	September 5	North Carolina	At least 6	a ship sank, and heavy flooding occurred over the area. Many old houses in eastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia were destroyed, particularly around Williamsburg, York, Hampton, and Norfolk due to 13 hours of high winds from the northeast to northwest.
1769	September 25 – September 28	Northeast coast of Florida & Charleston, South Carolina	N/A	Approached Florida and may have hit St. Augustine, Florida on the 25th, but it turned northeastward, and hit near Charleston on the 28th. Damage was minimal in the Carolinas, but crop damage occurred in northeast Florida.
1770	June 6	Charleston, South Carolina[1]

1770s

Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Damage/Notes
1771[1]	May 23 - 24	Jamaica and Cuba	N/A	N/A
1772	August 1-7	Hispaniola, Cuba[4]
1772	August 28 - September 4	Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles, Mobile, Alabama, New Orleans, Louisiana	At least 280	Alexander Hamilton famously wrote an account on the storm in Saint Croix, which was later published in the American colonies; community leaders were impressed by his writings, and they raised a fund for Hamilton to receive an education in the colonies many ships destroyed in Alabama
1772	September 1	North Carolina	50	14 vessels forced ashore
1772	Various	Saint Kitts and Nevis	"Several"	Three hurricanes hit the island group during the year, one of which is mentioned above
1773	Virginia	August 26	Unknown	Damage to ships in the area
1773	September 30 - October 2	Virginia	Unknown	Three days of rainfall across the region
1774	August 24–25	Virginia	Unknown	"August nor'easter" that caused two days of heavy rainfall
1774	September 3	Annapolis, Maryland	Unknown	The Maryland capitol building in Annapolis saw roof damage from a hurricane that began on September 3 and lasted about 24 hours.[9] A "stormy" northeast wind was seen in Westmoreland County Virginia, along with a "flood of rain."[10]
1774	October	Havana, Cuba[4]
1775	Late July	Caribbean Sea	Unknown	N/A
1775	August 29 - September 9	Outer Banks, Virginia, Newfoundland	4163	Newfoundland Hurricane of 1775 - Strong winds in Virginia; a localized, storm surge is reported to have reached heights of between 20 and 30 feet in Newfoundland, destroying many English ships. At least 4000 people died off of Newfoundland, becoming Canada's deadliest natural disaster and the eighth deadliest Atlantic hurricane in history
1775	November 2	Caicos Islands	11	Several English warships lost
1776	June	South coast of Cuba[4]
1776	June	New Orleans, Louisiana[4]
1776	July 10	Virginia	Unknown	Affected a Revolutionary War battle in Virginia; it caused supply ships to sink in the Chesapeake Bay area, and resulted in moderate damage to the area.
1776	August	Off northern coast of Cuba[4]
1776	September 5	Guadeloupe	6,000	1776 Pointe-à-Pitre hurricane - Seventh deadliest Atlantic hurricane in history
1777	June	Florida	Several	One ship sunk; no one recovered
1777	September 10	Central Atlantic	Unknown	Five ships lost
1777	October	Oriente, Cuba and St. Dominigue[4]
1778	August 12	Virginia	Unknown	Prevented a naval battle between the British and French in the Revolutionary War, causing them to separate as the hurricane moved up the coast
1778	August-September	Havana, Cuba[4]
1778	October 28	Cuba	Several	N/A
1778	November 1	Cape Cod, Massachusetts	50-70	Possibly related to the previous storm
1779[1]	May 25 - 26	Jamaica	N/A	N/A
1779	August 18	Havana, Cuba, Louisiana	Unknown	All but one warship in a Spanish fleet were sunk off the coast. Ships in the New Orleans harbor were pushed well inland, causing heavy damage. William Dunbar first theorized from this system that a hurricane revolved around a vortex in the center.
1779	August 28	Martinique	"Many"	N/A
1779	December 3	Atlantic coast	120	N/A

1780s

The 1780 Atlantic hurricane season was extraordinarily destructive, and was the deadliest Atlantic hurricane season in recorded history with over 25,000 deaths. Three different hurricanes, all in October, caused at least 1,000 deaths each; this event has never been repeated and only in the 1893 and 2005 seasons were there two such hurricanes. The season also held the deadliest Atlantic hurricane of all time.

Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Damage/Notes
1781	August 1	Jamaica	N/A	Many ships washed ashore
1781	August 23	New Orleans, Louisiana	N/A	N/A
1781	Unknown	Offshore Florida	2000	N/A
1782	July	Havana, Cuba[4]
1782	September 16	Central Atlantic coast	3000	N/A
1783	September 19	North Carolina	N/A	3 ships sunk
1783	October 7	South Carolina, North Carolina	N/A	Charleston saw excessive rain and wind with the cyclone. Winds shifted from northwest to northeast as the storm passed offshore.[11] Extensive damage was seen in North Carolina. Richmond saw violent northeast gusts for 24 hours, but no damage. Norfolk and Portsmouth reported a "25 foot tide" which caused damage
1784	June	Florida Straits
1784	July 30	Jamaica	2	N/A
1784	Unknown	Curaçao	N/A	Many ships damaged or destroyed
1785	August 24–29	Greater Antilles	142	N/A
1785	September 1	Delaware	181	One of the few hurricanes on record in the state
1785	September 23-24	Mid-Atlantic states	N/A	Led to the "highest tide ever before known in Norfolk." It struck the lower Chesapeake Bay. Portsmouth experienced a strong northeast to northwest gale for 3 days. The storm in Virginia was noted in both the Virginia Gazette of October 1, and the New Jersey Gazette of October 1 (from Ludlum 1963 p. 30). The Annual Register the next year reported that several ships had been driven ashore by the tide and the wind, with a total damage estimated at around £30,000.
1785	September 25	Puerto Rico	N/A	San Lupo Hurricane - devastated agricultural fields. Governor Juan Dabán visited the islands affected area to inspect and help with the damages; it was the first time a governor of Puerto Rico did that after a Hurricane.[12]
1786	September 2	Barbados	"Several"	Several houses destroyed
1786	October 5	Eastern Virginia	N/A	Heavy rainfall accompanied the storm. According to George Washington, tides were "occasionally high" at Mount Vernon, with "high freshes." James Madison at Montpelier saw the Rapidan River overflow its banks. The center may have passed very near his location, as the winds shifted from southeast to southwest.
1786	October 20	Jamaica	7	N/A
1787	September 2	Belize	100	It has been identified as ‘Event 6’ in Belizean sedimentary records by McCloskey and Keller.[13]
1787	September 19	Georgia, South Carolina	23	A storm moved just offshore the Georgia and South Carolina coastline to lead to a storm surge that caused 23 people to perish, as well as flooding and crop damage between Savannah and Georgetown.[11]
1787	September 23	Honduras	100	N/A
1788	July 24	Mid-Atlantic States	N/A	George Washington reported from Mount Vernon a "very high northeast wind" the previous night, which sank ships and blew down trees. A "more violent and severe a hurricane than for many years." Madison at Montpelier reports a "great wind and rain." According to the Philadelphia Independent Gazette on August 8, the storm in Norfolk began from the northeast at 5 p.m. on the 23rd, then blew a "perfect hurricane" from the south at 12:30 a.m.. The tide was lower than in 1785. Alexandria also saw the winds switch from east-northeast to south, which caused the highest known tide in the Potomac (from Ludlum 1963, p. 30-31).
1788	August 14–19	Martinique, Dominica, Bahamas, New England	600-700	N/A
1789	August 19	New Jersey, New England	N/A	Heavy damage

1790s

Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Damage/Notes
1791	June 21–22	Cuba	3000	Caused crop damage and animal deaths
1791	Unknown	Southern Texas	N/A	Flooded Padre Island and the mainland nearby. A herd of 50,000 cattle belonging to a Spanish cattle baron drowned in the storm surge
1792	August 1	Lesser Antilles	N/A	Several ships destroyed
1792	October	Havana, Cuba[4]
1793	August 13	Virgin Islands	28	Moved slowly through the area
1793	August	Louisiana	N/A	Caused crop damage and minor flooding
1794[1]	May 28	Jamaica	N/A	N/A
1794	June 27	Jamaica	N/A	One ship destroyed in a tropical storm
1794	July 4	Mid-Atlantic states	N/A	Reported at Annapolis by William Faris in his diary. On the night of the 5th, it "raind and Blowd very Hard" (sic) all night. It finally cleared out between 10 and 11 am on the 6th.
1794	Late July	Jamaica	"Heavy deaths"	N/A
1794	August 27–31	Cuba and Louisiana	100+	In Louisiana, heavy flooding, high winds, crop damage, and unusually large hail occurred
1794	Early October	Northeastern Florida	N/A	Caused beach erosion and damage
1794	October 26	Mid-Atlantic states	N/A	Caused 3.5 inches (89 mm) of rain at Madison's Montpelier estate. While the wind there was "brisk" on the morning on the 26th, Annapolis reported that "it Blow'd very Hard a near Hurrican and rained all night" from the 26th into the 27th.
1795	August 2	North Carolina	N/A	Several Spanish ships lost; brought heavy rain through the mid-Atlantic, disrupting mail service and damaging crops; at Annapolis, rain set it on the afternoon of the 2nd, before it escalated later in the day, when it "Blow'd a Harrican." Trees were levelled and the tide was so high that "one could not get to the Market House without a Boat." Vessels were driven ashore by the tempest (from the diary of William Faris).
1795	August 12	North Carolina	N/A	Considered a major hurricane, caused additional flooding and crop damage after the previous storm; the damage could be "Modestly estimated at a year's rent", quoted by Thomas Jefferson. The "powerful torrent" of rain in Petersburg caused creeks to rise higher than noted in the previous 70 years (North Carolina Journal). Winds were gusty at Farmville, where a "great fresh" was reported. Annapolis reported strong winds and rains on August 13 as well.
1796	October 2	Pinar del Río, Cuba, Bahamas	N/A	Caused shipping delays
1797	September 5	North Carolina	N/A	One ship sunk
1797	October 15–19	Bahamas and South Carolina	"Many"	Several ships lost
1799	September 23	Jamaica	27	Remained offshore, but rain, flooding, and winds were severe
1799	October	Oriente, Cuba[4]

See also

• List of tropical cyclones
• List of Atlantic hurricane seasons

References

External links

• http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pastdeadly.shtml
• http://www.srh.noaa.gov/lch/research/la18hu.htm